MySQL 是一个开源关系数据库管理系统。它是流行的关系管理系统之一。MySQL 附带以下商业产品：
- MySQL标准版。
- MySQL 企业版。
- MySQL 集群运营商级版。
所有这些版本都带有价格标签，主要适用于商业用途。我们将使用 MySQL 社区版，它可以在本指南的 GPL 许可下免费使用。
在 Fedora 35 上安装 MySQL
步骤 1. 在继续之前，更新您的 Fedora 操作系统以确保所有现有软件包都是最新的。使用此命令更新服务器包：
sudo dnf upgrade
sudo dnf update
步骤 2. 在 Fedora 35 上安装 MySQL。
默认情况下，MySQL 在 Fedora 35 基础存储库中可用。然后我们可以使用以下命令安装 MySQL 服务器：
sudo dnf install community-mysql-server
安装完成后我们需要启动MySQL服务器才能开始运行。我们使用以下命令执行此操作：
sudo systemctl start mysqld
sudo systemctl enable mysqld
sudo systemctl status mysqld
让我们使用以下命令检查 MySQL 版本：
mysql -V
步骤 3. 保护 MySQL 安装。
默认情况下，MySQL 未加固。您可以使用mysql_secure_installation脚本保护 MySQL 。您应该仔细阅读以下每个步骤，这些步骤将设置 root 密码、删除匿名用户、禁止远程 root 登录以及删除测试数据库和访问安全 MySQL：
mysql_secure_installation
输出：
Securing the MySQL server deployment. Enter password for user root: The existing password for the user account root has expired. Please set a new password. New password: Re-enter new password: The 'validate_password' component is installed on the server. The subsequent steps will run with the existing configuration of the component. Using existing password for root. Estimated strength of the password: 100 Change the password for root ? ((Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y New password: Re-enter new password: Estimated strength of the password: 100 Do you wish to continue with the password provided?(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a production environment. Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y Success. Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network. Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y Success. By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed before moving into a production environment. Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y - Dropping test database... Success. - Removing privileges on test database... Success. Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far will take effect immediately. Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y Success. All done!
全做完了。您现在可以使用命令行连接到 MySQL 服务器。以下命令将以 root 用户身份连接在本地主机上运行的 MySQL：
mysql -u root -p
步骤 4. 配置防火墙。
现在我们允许远程连接，在防火墙上允许端口 3306：
sudo firewall-cmd --add-service=mysql --permanent sudo firewall-cmd --reload
感谢您使用本教程在 Fedora 35 系统上安装 MySQL 数据库。如需其他帮助或有用信息，我们建议您查看MySQL 官方网站。
